Patient satisfaction in ambulatory anesthesia assessed by the Heidelberg Peri-anaesthetic Questionnaire: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background: Service quality in anesthesiology has been frequently measured by morbidity and mortality. This measure increasingly considers patient satisfaction, which is the result of care from the client's perspective. Therefore, anesthesiologists must be able to build relationships with patients, provide understandable information and involve them in decisions about their anesthesia. This study aimed to evaluate the peri-anesthetic care provided by the anesthesia service in an ambulatory surgery unit using the Heidelberg Peri-anaesthetic Questionnaire. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the Heidelberg Peri-anaesthetic Questionnaire to evaluate 1211 patients undergoing ambulatory surgery. We selected questions that showed a greater degree of dissatisfaction and correlated them with patient characterization data (age, sex, education, and ASA physical status), anesthesia data (type, time, and prior experience), and surgical specialty. Results: Questions in which patients tended to show dissatisfaction involved fear of anesthesia and surgery, feeling cold, the urgent need to urinate, pain at the surgical site, and the team's level of concern and speed of response in relieving the patient's pain. Conclusion: The Heidelberg Peri-anaesthetic Questionnaire proved to be a useful tool in identifying points of dissatisfaction, mainly fear of anesthesia and surgery, feeling cold, the urgent need to urinate, pain at the surgical site, and the team's level of concern and speed of response in relieving the patient's pain in the population studied. These were correlated with patient, anesthesia, and surgical variables. This allows the establishment of priorities at the different points of care, with the ultimate goal of improving patient satisfaction regarding anesthesia care.

Perceptions of the Brazilian obstetrics physicians about the term obstetric violence: a cross-sectional study

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: We observe a growing global discussion about the practices considered "obstetric violence" against women during pregnancy and childbirth. Otherwise, the indiscriminate subjective and lay interpretation of the term "obstetric violence" can lead to a misunderstanding among medical professionals. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the obstetrician's perceptions about the term "obstetric violence" and the medical groups affected negatively by the topic. METHODS: A cross-sectional study applied to Brazilian obstetrics physicians regarding their perceptions of "obstetric violence." RESULTS: From January to April 2022, we sent about 14,000 direct mail nationwide. A total of 506 participants responded. We observed that 374 (73.9%) participants consider the term obstetric violence nocive or harmful to professional practice. Furthermore, after Poisson regression, we described that the respondents who graduated before 2000 and from a private institution were significant and independent groups for the full or partial agreement that the term is nocive for the obstetricians in Brazil. CONCLUSION: We observed that almost three in four obstetrician participants consider the term "obstetric violence" nocive or harmful to professional practice, particularly in those who graduated before 2000 and from a private institution. The findings are relevant to propose further debates and strategies to mitigate the possible harms caused to the obstetrician team by the indiscriminate use of the term obstetric violence.

Linguagem, interação e vulnerabilidade comunicativa na relação de cuidado ao paciente: um estudo sobre a percepção de estudantes de Enfermagem, Fonoaudiologia e Medicina / Language, interaction and communicative vulnerability to patient care: a study on the perception of Nursing, Speech-Language Pathology and medicine students / Comunicación y Vulnerabilidad Comunicativa en la relación de cuidado del paciente: un estudio sobre la percepción de estudiantes de Enfermería, Fonoaudiología y Medicina

Introdução: A linguagem entre os homens evoluiu ao longo da história. Comprometimentos de fala e linguagem podem acarretar em situação de vulnerabilidade comunicativa, influenciando na participação da pessoa no processo terapêutico e tomada de decisões clínicas. Objetivo: Investigar a percepção de futuros profissionais de medicina, fonoaudiologia e enfermagem quanto à comunicação com o paciente a partir de vivências nos campos de estágios. Método: Estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo, com amostra de 85 alunos. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se questionário online. Resultados: Todos participantes consideraram importante, ou muito importante, a comunicação com o paciente. Para a maioria dos participantes de fonoaudiologia (84,8%) e de medicina (65,6%) a comunicação com os pacientes é efetiva, enquanto que os de enfermagem (55%) referiram certa dificuldade. 35% dos alunos de enfermagem e 28,1% dos de medicina informaram que não tiveram contato com pacientes não oralizados; 33,3% dos alunos de Fonoaudiologia responderam que, nesses casos, a comunicação é efetiva, pois eles utilizavam outras formas de comunicação. Todos consideraram que o não falar coloca o paciente em situação de vulnerabilidade. Conclusão: Os resultados evidenciam que a comunicação paciente-futuro profissional de saúde é considerada importante para todos os participantes. Os achados reiteram a importância da temática na graduação e da comunicação na relação paciente-profissional para o bem-estar de vida e saúde da pessoa, sendo essa questão responsabilidade da equipe e não apenas do fonoaudiólogo, tendo em vista uma formação e atenção integrada e humanizada.

Introduction: Communication between men has evolved throughout history. Speech and language impairments can lead to situations of communicative vulnerability, influencing the person's participation in the therapeutic process and making decisions. Objective: To investigate the perception of future professionals in medicine, speech-language pathology and nursing regarding communication with the patient from experiences in the internship fields. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study, with a sample of 85 students. .An online questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: For most students of speech-language pathology (84.8%) and medicine (65.6%), communication was effective, while nursing students (55%) claimed to feel some difficulty. 35% of nursing students and 28.1% of medical students reported that they had no contact with patients who do not speak, and speech-language pathology students (33.3%) answered that, in these cases, communication is effective, as they used other forms of communication. All considered that not speaking puts the patient in a situation of vulnerability. Conclusion: The results show that communication between patient and future health professional is considered important for all participants. The findings reiterate the importance of the theme in graduation and communication in the patient-professional relationship for the well-being and health of the person, this issue being the responsibility of the team and not only of the speech-language therapist, in view of an integrated and humanized care.

Introduccion: La comunicación entre los hombres ha evolucionado a lo largo de la historia. Los fallos y compromisos lingüísticos pueden conducir a una situación de vulnerabilidad comunicativa, influyendo en la participación de las personas en el proceso terapéutico y en la toma de decisiones. Objetivo: Investigar la percepción de los futuros profesionales de la patología del habla y el lenguaje sobre la comunicación con el paciente a partir de experiencias en los campos de prácticas. Metodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo y cuantitativo, con una muestra de 85 estudiantes, aprobado por el CEP. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó un cuestionario en línea. Resultados: La mayoría de los estudiantes de fonoaudiología (84,8%) y medicina (65,6%) la comunicación fue eficaz, mientras que en enfermería afirmaron sentirse un poco difíciles (55%). 35% de los estudiantes de enfermería y 28,1% de los estudiantes de medicina refirieron no tener contacto con pacientes que no hablan y en fonoaudiología 33,3% respondió que la comunicación efectiva, ya que la ven como otras posibles formas de comunicación. Todos los académicos son evaluados como importantes o pacientes para comunicarse. Conclusión: Los resultados muestran que la comunicación entre el paciente y el futuro profesional en fonoaudiología se considera efectiva y debe realizarse de manera ética. Los hallazgos reiteran la importancia de la comunicación en la relación paciente-profesional para el bienestar y la salud de la persona, siendo responsabilidad del equipo y no solo del fonoaudióloga, con miras a una atención integral y humanizada.

Uso del yo como herramienta terapéutica: una experiencia formativa de terapia ocupacional en pregrado / Uso de si como ferramenta terapêutica: uma experiência formativa na graduação em terapia ocupacional / Use of the self as a therapeutic tool: a formative experience of occupational therapy in an undergraduate course

Resumen Introducción El uso del yo como herramienta terapéutica es una práctica centrada en el cliente y el pilar disciplinar con menor evidencia pedagógica en terapia ocupacional. En Chile, surgen asignaturas vivenciales, ligadas a métodos artísticos/lúdicos que buscan incidir en competencias del estudiante de pregrado para su desarrollo. Objetivo Analizar la experiencia de las estudiantes en relación a los aprendizajes, características y contribuciones de las asignaturas que aportan a la formación del uso del yo como herramienta terapéutica, en carreras de terapia ocupacional de universidades al sur de Chile. Método Investigación cualitativa, con diseño en teoría fundamentada de alcance exploratorio. El muestreo fue no probabilístico, intencionado, por criterio, conformado por quince estudiantes en etapa de internado profesional. La recolección de datos fue mediante dos grupos focales, previa firma de consentimiento informado. El análisis se realizó por método de comparación constante de Glaser y Strauss, utilizando el programa Atlas Ti para sistematizar la información. La rigurosidad científica fue cautelada por los criterios de Guba y Lincoln. Resultados Se identifican 530 unidades de significado, 30 códigos abiertos descriptivos, agrupados en ocho categorías axiales, emergiendo dos núcleos temáticos que abordan el "Proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en la formación del Uso del Yo" y el "Desarrollo profesional para el Uso del Yo". Conclusión Para los estudiantes las metodologías utilizadas contribuyen de manera relevante al desarrollo del autoconocimiento y competencias genéricas clave para el "Uso del Yo". Esta pedagogía se podría complementar con otras estrategias activas para asegurar la centralidad del usuario en la terapia ocupacional.

Resumo Introdução O uso de si como ferramenta terapêutica é uma prática centrada no cliente e o pilar disciplinar com menor evidência pedagógica em terapia ocupacional. No Chile, surgem disciplinas vivenciais, vinculadas a métodos artísticos/lúdicos que buscam contribuir as habilidades do aluno de graduação para seu desenvolvimento. Objetivo Analisar a experiência dos alunos em relação à aprendizagem, características e contribuições das disciplinas que auxiliam para a formação do uso de si como ferramenta terapêutica, nos cursos de terapia ocupacional em universidades ao sul do Chile. Método Pesquisa qualitativa, com delineamento da teoria fundamentada de alcance exploratório. A amostragem foi não probabilística, intencional, por critério, composta por quinze alunos em etapa de estágio profissional. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de dois grupos focais, após assinatura do consentimento informado. A análise foi realizada pelo método de comparação constante de Glaser e Strauss, utilizando o programa Atlas Ti para sistematizar as informações. O rigor científico foi resguardado pelos critérios de Guba e Lincoln. Resultados Foram identificadas 530 unidades de sentido, 30 códigos abertos descritivos, agrupados em oito categorias axiais, emergindo dois núcleos temáticos que abordam o "Processo de ensino-aprendizagem na formação do Uso de Si" e o "Desenvolvimento profissional para o uso de Si". Conclusão Para os alunos, as metodologias utilizadas contribuem de forma relevante para o desenvolvimento do autoconhecimento e das competências genéricas chave para o "Uso de Si". Essa pedagogia poderia ser complementada com outras estratégias ativas para garantir a centralidade do usuário na terapia ocupacional.

Abstract Introduction The use of the self as a therapeutic tool is a client-centered practice with the least evidence in the pedagogy of occupational therapy. In Chile, experiential subjects arise, linked to artistic/playful methods that seek to influence the skills of the undergraduate student for their development. Objective To analyze the experience of the students in relation to the learning, characteristics, and contributions of the subjects that contribute to the development of the use of the self as a therapeutic tool, in occupational therapy careers at universities in the south of Chile. Method Qualitative research, exploratory with a grounded theory design. The sampling was non-probabilistic, intentional, by criteria, of fifteen students in the professional internship stage. Data collection was through two focus groups, after signing informed consent. The analysis was carried out using the constant comparison method of Glaser and Strauss, using the Atlas Ti program to systematize the information. Scientific rigor was guarded by the criteria of Guba and Lincoln. Results 530 units of meaning are identified, 30 descriptive open codes, grouped into eight axial categories, emerging two thematic nuclei that address the "Teaching-learning process in the formation of the Use of the Self" and the "Professional Development for the Use of the Self". Conclusion For the students, the methodologies used to contribute in a relevant way to the development of self-knowledge and key generic competences for the "Use of the Self". This pedagogy could be complemented with other active strategies to ensure the centrality of the user in occupational therapy.

Nursing staff's instrument for change-of-shift reporting - SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation): validation and application / Instrumento del pasaje de plantón del grupo de enfermería - SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation): validación y aplicación / Instrumento de passagem de plantão da equipe de enfermagem - SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation): validação e aplicação

ABSTRACT Objectives: to validate and apply a change-of-shift instrument using the SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation) tool. Methods: methodological study for the validation of an instrument. It was validated by ten judges from the area of nursing teaching and care and applied in a surgical gastroenterology ward by 11 nursing technicians in February 2019. The analyses considered descriptive statistics. Results: the judges analyzed the instrument with a content validity index of 91.7% and made suggestions, which led to the second version of the instrument. The participants reported that the predominant modality of shift handover is oral, in the nursing room, lasting six to ten minutes. Most pay attention during shift change, mention that delays and early departures interfere in the activity and believe that the instrument provides the necessary information and is viable. Conclusions: the instrument built was validated, and its application proved relevant, as it was considered necessary and feasible.

RESUMEN Objetivos: validar y aplicar instrumento del pasaje de plantón utilizando la herramienta SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation). Métodos: estudio metodológico para la validación de instrumento. Este fue validado por diez jueces del área de enseñanza y asistencia de enfermería y aplicado en una enfermería de gastroenterología quirúrgica por 11 técnicos de enfermería en febrero de 2019. Los análisis consideraron la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: los jueces analizaron el instrumento con índice de validez de contenido de 91,7%, hicieron sugestiones generando la segunda versión del instrumento. Los participantes refirieron que la modalidad del pasaje de plantón predominante es oral, en la sala de enfermería, de seis a diez minutos. La mayoría presta atención en el pasaje de plantón, refiere que retrasos y salidas anticipadas interfieren, creen que el instrumento posee informaciones necesarias y es viable. Conclusiones: el instrumento construido fue validado, y su aplicación evidenció la relevancia, pues es considerado necesario y viable.

RESUMO Objetivos: validar e aplicar instrumento de passagem de plantão utilizando a ferramenta SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation). Métodos: estudo metodológico para a validação de instrumento. O instrumento foi validado por dez juízes da área de ensino e assistência de enfermagem e aplicado em uma enfermaria de gastroenterologia cirúrgica por 11 técnicos de enfermagem no mês de fevereiro de 2019. As análises consideraram a estatística descritiva. Resultados: os juízes analisaram o instrumento com índice de validade de conteúdo de 91,7%, fizeram sugestões gerando a segunda versão do instrumento. Os participantes referiram que a modalidade de passagem de plantão predominante é oral, na sala de enfermagem, de 6 a 10 minutos. A maioria presta atenção na passagem de plantão, refere que atrasos e saídas antecipadas interferem, acreditam que o instrumento possui informações necessárias e é viável. Conclusões: o instrumento construído foi validado e sua aplicação evidenciou a relevância, pois considera-se o instrumento necessário e viável.

A influência dos profissionais de saúde na escolha pelo uso da língua de sinais / The influence of health professionals on the choice to use sign language / La influencia de los profesionales de la salud en la elección de utilizar el lenguaje de signos

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender de que forma a conduta do profissional de saúde influencia (ou não) os pais e/ou responsáveis na escolha pelo uso da língua de sinais após o diagnóstico de surdez. Método: estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa realizado com pais/responsáveis de crianças e adolescentes surdos. Coleta de dados mediante entrevistas, realizadas nos meses de outubro e novembro de 2021 na cidade de Maceió/AL - BR, os dados foram analisados conforme Bardin. Resultado: a língua de sinais não é a primeira alternativa sugerida aos pais como forma de comunicação dos filhos surdos, visto que os profissionais priorizam o uso do aparelho auditivo e o implante coclear, embora em muitas vezes sua eficácia seja questionada. Conclusão: o estudo contribui para a literatura sobre o tema que ainda é escassa, possibilitando discutir o papel privilegiado que o profissional de saúde possui para influenciar positivamente na vida de indivíduos surdos e suas famílias.

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand how the conduct of health professional's influences (or does not influence) parents and/or guardians in choosing the use of sign language after the diagnosis of deafness. Method: descriptive study of qualitative approach carried out with parents/guardians of deaf children and adolescents. Data were collected through interviews, conducted in October and November 2021 in the city of Maceió/AL - BR, data were analyzed according to Bardin. Results: sign language is not the first alternative suggested to parents as a form of communication with deaf children, since professionals prioritize the use of hearing aids and cochlear implant, although often its effectiveness is questioned. Conclusion: the study contributes to expand the literature on the theme, which is still scarce, making it possible to discuss the privileged role that the health professional must positively influence the lives of deaf individuals and their families.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender de qué manera la conducta del profesional de la salud influye (o no influye) en los países y/o responsables en la elección del uso de la lengua de signos tras el diagnóstico de la sordera. Método: estudio descriptivo de enfoque cualitativo realizado con padres/tutores de niños y adolescentes sordos. Recogida de datos a través de entrevistas, realizadas en octubre y noviembre de 2021 en la ciudad de Maceió/AL - BR, los datos fueron analizados según Bardin. Resultados: la lengua de signos no es la primera alternativa que se sugiere a los países como forma de comunicación con los niños mayores, dado que los profesionales priorizan el uso del aparato auditivo y el implante coclear, aunque, muchas veces, su eficacia se pone en duda. Conclusión: el estudio contribuye a ampliar la literatura sobre el tema que aún es escasa, permitiendo discutir el papel privilegiado que el profesional de la salud posee para influir positivamente en la vida de los individuos de sordos y sus familias.

Reclamos contra la conducta ética en el ejercicio de la medicina. Análisis de las causas ingresadas a un Tribunal de Ética del Colegio Médico de Chile

Background: The Ethics Committees of medical associations define standards of conduct to avoid improper professional behavior. Aim: To identify the areas of professional behavior with most allegations of misconduct. Material and Methods: Analysis of all ethical claims received at the Regional Ethics Court of the Chilean Medical Association between 2016 and 2021. Results: Of 323 cases analyzed, 17% of complaints argued a failure in achieving a satisfactory standard of medical care, 15% unprofessional behavior, 14% disruptive interaction among physicians, 12% failure to fulfill therapeutic expectations, 6% poor quality of care, 6% fraud, 6% complains against institutions, 6% sexual misconduct, 6% inappropriate billing, 3% diagnostic errors, 3% inappropriate social behaviors, 1% refusal to provide a sick leave and 1% illegal practice. Only 41.5% of complaints were filed against registered physicians, thus limiting the capabilities of the medical ethical board. Conclusions: The most common complaints observed were professional misconduct and relationship problems between physicians.

Formación Paideia en atención primaria: análisis de la democracia institucional y las relaciones de poder en las prácticas laborales en salud / Paideia Education in primary care: an analysis of institutional democracy and power relations in health sector work practices

RESUMEN Este artículo parte de dos iniciativas pedagógicas de "formación Paideia" con el propósito de analizar sus contribuciones en la producción de relaciones democráticas y en la coproducción del cuidado en atención primaria de la salud. La primera iniciativa realizó una capacitación en apoyo matricial (2015-2016) que reunió a 94 especialistas y, la segunda, una capacitación en salud familiar (2018-2020), que reunió a 149 profesionales. Los 243 profesionales de la salud participantes provenían de cinco municipios brasileños. Los resultados obtenidos a través de cuestionarios y diarios de campo elaborados durante los cursos señalan que la formación Paideia motiva a los profesionales a incorporar una clínica ampliada y el apoyo matricial en atención primaria de la salud, y propicia compartir el cuidado y la co-construcción de la autonomía junto a los usuarios. Sin embargo, aún son frecuentes las prácticas autoritarias de la gestión hacia las y los profesionales, entre profesionales, y desde las y los profesionales hacia las personas usuarias, de modo que es necesario invertir, más allá de la formación, en una mayor democratización de los servicios.

ABSTRACT This article looks at two pedagogical initiatives based on "Paideia Education" in order to analyze their contributions to the production of democratic relations and the co-production of care in primary health care. The first of these initiatives was a seminar on matrix support (2015-2016) that trained 94 specialists, and the second was a seminar on family care (2018-2020) that trained 149 professionals. The 243 participating health professionals came from five different municipalities in Brazil. The results obtained through questionnaires and field diaries kept during the seminars indicate that "Paideia Education" has the ability to motivate professionals to incorporate notions such as the expanded clinic and matrix support into primary health care, and fosters the sharing of care and the co-construction of autonomy with users. However, authoritarian management practices are still frequently directed towards professionals, practiced among professionals themselves, and directed towards patients, and therefore it is necessary to invest in a greater democratization of services beyond training.

A situação da atenção farmacêutica: revolução ou penumbra paradigmática? / The situation of pharmaceutical care: revolution or paradigmatic twilight?

RESUMO Com o propósito de compreender a situação da atenção farmacêutica em um sistema municipal de saúde, tomou-se como ponto de partida o estudo do grau de adesão e incorporação do paradigma profissional que orienta essa prática. Com um desenho qualitativo e de abordagem etnográfica, os critérios que orientaram essa investigação buscaram tipificar a variedade de cenários, motivações e procedimentos que se associam a esse exercício profissional. Esse recorte permitiu examinar se os movimentos que operam a atenção farmacêutica ainda constituem uma área de penumbra ou se já foi alcançada a concretude de um novo modelo de cuidado para a farmácia. Os resultados informam uma variedade de arranjos, desenhos construtivos e estrutura conceitual. Não há congruência nem na delimitação de seus componentes estruturantes. Todo esse cenário revela que ainda se está em uma fase de penumbra ou 'crise paradigmática', na qual o antigo paradigma ainda não foi totalmente abandonado ante a superioridade do novo. Isso se observa na ausência de uma interpretação padronizada capaz de revelar elementos recorrentes e compartilhados. Desse modo, o reconhecimento de uma realização exemplar, capaz de consolidar a maturidade e transição paradigmática da atenção farmacêutica, não foi encontrado.

ABSTRACT In order to understand the situation of pharmaceutical care in a municipal health system, we took as a starting point the study of the degree of adherence and incorporation of the professional paradigm that guides this practice. With a qualitative design and an ethnographic approach, the criteria that guided this investigation sought to typify the variety of scenarios, motivations and procedures that are associated with this professional exercise. This cutout allowed us to examine whether the movements that operate pharmaceutical care are still an area of darkness or the concreteness of a new care model for Pharmacy has already been achieved. The results inform a variety of arrangements, constructive designs, and a conceptual framework. There is no congruence or delimitation of its structuring components. The entire scenario reveals that we are still in a phase of twilight or ‘paradigmatic crisis’, in which the old paradigm has not yet been totally abandoned in the face of the superiority of the new one. This is observed in the absence of a standardized interpretation capable of revealing recurrent and shared elements. Thus, the recognition of an exemplary achievement, capable of consolidating the maturity and paradigmatic transition of pharmaceutical care, was not found.

Acesso e continuidade assistencial na busca por cuidado em saúde: tecendo a rede entre encontros e entrelaços / Access and continuity of care in the search for health care: weaving the network between encounters and entanglements

Resumo Este artigo busca analisar o acesso e a continuidade do cuidado em trajetórias assistenciais de mulheres através da identificação dos principais pontos de apoio na rede de atenção à saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em uma região de saúde do Rio de Janeiro, a partir de entrevista semiestruturada com 21 mulheres para produção de suas trajetórias assistenciais. Os dados foram tratados por meio de análise de conteúdo e categorizados em quatro unidades temáticas: os agentes comunitários de saúde, identificados como o primeiro contato e facilitadores do acesso à rede; os profissionais de enfermagem, com quem se estabeleceram os mais fortes vínculos longitudinais e alguma possibilidade de continuidade do cuidado; o médico, que representava a expectativa de cura, mas onde os laços e a comunicação com as usuárias foram mais frágeis; e outros pontos de apoio, representados por atores intermediários (amigos, familiares, figuras políticas e outros) presentes ora como apoio, ora como facilitadores do acesso ao cuidado oportuno. O mosaico de trajetórias produzidas pelas mulheres na rede de atenção à saúde indicou fragilidades para garantia de acesso e continuidade do cuidado, mas também potências para a produção de intervenções e práticas que respondam a desejos e necessidades em saúde.

Abstract This article seeks to analyze the access and continuity of care in women's care trajectories through the identification of the main points of support in the health care network. This is a qualitative research, carried out in a health region of Rio de Janeiro, based on a semi-structured interview with 21 women to produce their care trajectories. The data were treated through content analysis and categorized into four thematic units: community health agents, identified as the first contact and facilitators of access to the network; nursing professionals, with whom the strongest longitudinal bonds and some possibility of continuity of care were established; the doctor, who represented the expectation of a cure, but where ties and communication with users were more fragile; and other points of support, represented by intermediate actors (friends, family, political figures and others) present at times as support, at times as facilitators of access to timely care. The mosaic of trajectories produced by women in the health care network indicated weaknesses to guarantee access and continuity of care, but also potencies to produce interventions and practices that respond to health wants and needs.

Patient Satisfaction Towards Dentist-Patient Interaction Among Patients Attending Outpatient Dental Clinic Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the satisfaction with the dentist-patient interaction and factors associated with patient satisfaction among patients attending the outpatient dental clinic Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM). Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 229 patients who attended outpatient dental clinic Hospital USM that located in the East Coast region of Malaysia. A self-administered Skala Kepuasan Interaksi Perubatan - 11 (SKIP-11) questionnaire was used to assess the satisfaction towards dentist-patient interaction. Systematic random sampling was applied in this study. The data were analyzed using simple logistic regression analysis to determine the factors associated with patient satisfaction with dentist-patient interaction. Results: The mean age of patients was 32.6 ± 13.9 years, 71.6% of them study up to tertiary level, 31.5% came to for dental check up and 23.6% of them had tooth decay. More than half (64.6%) of the patients were satisfactory with dentist-patient interaction. The satisfaction percentage in the distress relief domain was 60.7%, 56.8% in the rapport domain, and 53.7% in the interaction outcome domain. Satisfaction with dentist-patient interaction was significantly associated with the dentists' characteristics such as age (OR = 0.583, 95%CI 0.44-0.76, p=0.001), gender (OR = 0.386, 95% CI 0.22-0.69, p=0.001) and years of service (OR = 0.294, 95% CI 0.15-0.57, p=0.001). Conclusion: The result showed that slightly more than half of the patients who attended the outpatient dental clinic HUSM were satisfied with the dentist-patient interaction, which was found to be influenced by the characteristics of the dentists. Efforts to improve patient-dentist interaction are recommended to ensure delivery of good quality oral health care.

Skills and practices of pharmacy staff for dispensing of drugs with fiscalized substances in drugstores and pharmacies

ABSTRACT OBJETIVE To evaluate the skills and practices of pharmacy staff during the dispensing of tramadol (drug with fiscalized substance) in drugstores and pharmacies in Medellin, Colombia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed. The simulated patient technique was used. The main outcomes included the information provided on the dispensed drug (tramadol), the use of tools to provide information, and the information provided on drug precautions and use recommendations. RESULTS We visited 305 drugstores and pharmacies. The average dispensing time was 2.3 min (SD 1.1 min). In nine drugstores and pharmacies (3.0%), tramadol was not dispensed because it was not in stock. In 17 drugstores and pharmacies (5.7%), the simulated patients were actively informed by the dispensing pharmacy staff; of these, 16 provided oral information and one provided oral and written information. Eight patients (2.7%) received information regarding tramadol use. However, 99% of patients were not informed about tramadol side effects such as dependence, sedation, or hypnosis, and none of the simulated female patients were informed on the precautions related to tramadol use during pregnancy or lactation. CONCLUSIONS Communication skills and appropriate practices of pharmacy staff are critical to patient self-care. However, this study shows their difficulty in counseling about precautions and use recommendations of drugs with fiscalized substances. These outcomes could inform future studies focusing on the rational use of these drugs in drugstores and pharmacies. It is necessary to improve the pharmacy staff competencies through continuing education programs, to facilitate access to information and training.

Humanization of the hospital: participatory construction of knowledge and practices on care and ambience / Humanización de hospitales: construcción colectiva de saberes y prácticas de acogida y ambientación / Humanização hospitalar: construção coletiva de saberes e práticas de acolhimento e ambiência

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and implement care and ambience strategies, with a view to hospital humanization. Method: Action-research study, whose investigation process occurred between January and March 2019, with the participation of employees in strategic functions of a medium-sized hospital, through a focus group and strategic focal analysis. The implementation of care and ambience strategies started in May 2019 and remains in progress, with the responsible and multiplying participation of professionals and patients. Results: 18 employees participated in the study. It was found that investigative processes accompanied by practical interventions, especially those related to the promotion of interactive, inclusive, care spaces and the creation of a ludic, attractive and interactive environment favor multi-professional actions, mobilize innovative knowledge and practices, and contribute to the (re)signification of the being and doing of the health professional. Conclusion: Care and ambience, with a view to hospital humanization, include the implementation of strategies designed with the responsible and multiplying participation of all actors (professionals and users) of the hospital. It is important that, in this process, everyone feels they are protagonists of new ways of being, living and doing in health.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar e implementar estrategias de acogida y ambientación, con miras a la humanización hospitalaria. Método: Se trata de una investigación-acción, cuyo proceso transcurrió entre enero y marzo de 2019 con la participación de colaboradores, de funciones estratégicas en un hospital de porte mediano, mediante grupo focal y análisis focal estratégico. El proceso de implantación de las estrategias de acogida y ambientación comenzó en mayo de 2019 y sigue en marcha con la participación responsable y multiplicadora de profesionales y pacientes. Resultados: Participaron 18 colaboradores. Es evidente que los procesos de investigación, acompañados de intervenciones prácticas, principalmente las relacionadas con la promoción de espacios interactivos, inclusivos y acogedores y la creación de un ambiente lúdico, atractivo y asociativo, favorecen el desempeño multiprofesional, movilizan saberes y prácticas innovadoras y contribuyen al (re)significado del ser y del hacer del profesional en salud. Conclusión: La acogida y la ambientación enfocadas en la humanización del hospital, pasan por la aplicación de estrategias concebidas con la participación responsable y multiplicadora de todos los actores (profesionales y usuarios) del hospital. En este proceso, es importante que todos se sientan protagonistas de nuevas formas de ser, vivir y hacer en salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar e implementar estratégias de acolhimento e ambiência, com vistas à humanização hospitalar. Método: Pesquisaação, cujo processo de investigação ocorreu entre janeiro e março de 2019, com a participação de colaboradores, advindos de funções estratégicas de um hospital de médio porte, mediante grupo focal e análise focal estratégica. O processo de implementação das estratégias de acolhimento e ambiência ocorreu a partir de maio de 2019 e permanece em andamento com a participação responsável e multiplicadora de profissionais e pacientes. Resultados: Participaram 18 colaboradores. Demostra-se que processos investigativos acompanhados de intervenções práticas, especialmente os relacionados à promoção de espaços interativos, inclusivos, acolhedores, e a criação de ambiência lúdica, atraente e associativa favorecem a atuação multiprofissional, mobilizam saberes e práticas inovadoras e contribuem para a (re)significação do ser e fazer profissional em saúde. Conclusão: O acolhimento e a ambiência, com vistas à humanização hospitalar, perpassam pela implementação de estratégias concebidas com a participação responsável e multiplicadora de todos os atores (profissionais e usuários) do hospital. É importante, nesse processo, que todos se sintam protagonistas de novos modos de ser, conviver e fazer em saúde.

INSAF-HAS: a tool to select patients with hypertension for pharmaceutical care / INSAF-HAS: ferramenta para seleção de pacientes com hipertensão arterial sistêmica e inserção em serviços de cuidado farmacêutico

ABSTRACT Objective To develop and validate the content of a tool aimed to select patients with hypertension for pharmaceutical care, based on identification of individuals in greater need of attention. Methods The tool was developed and assessed for face and content validity, which was carried out in three stages. Phase I consisted of comprehensive literature review, which prompted the development of the first version of the tool. Phase II consisted of validation by an expert panel. Phase III consisted of a pilot study with hypertensive patients and preparation of the final version of the instrument. Results Literature review yielded 30 studies, out of which 13 factors associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease control and complications were selected. Once the initial version of the tool named INSAF-HAS was obtained, four expert meetings were held, each leading to instrument improvement until a final consensus was reached. In the pilot study, INSAF-HAS was applied to 30 patients with a diagnosis of hypertension for applicability pretest; adjustments were made and the final version of INSAF-HAS obtained. Conclusion The INSAF-HAS tool developed in this study has face and content validity, and may contribute to the selection of patients with hypertension in greater need of pharmaceutical care services.

RESUMO Objetivo Desenvolver e realizar a validação de conteúdo de uma ferramenta para seleção de pacientes com hipertensão arterial sistêmica a serem atendidos em serviços de cuidado farmacêutico, com base na identificação daqueles com maior necessidade dessa assistência. Métodos O instrumento foi desenvolvido e avaliado por validação de face e conteúdo, subdividida em três fases. A fase I abordou ampla revisão bibliográfica, que originou a versão inicial da ferramenta. Na fase II, realizou-se a validação com a análise de um painel de experts . A fase III foi composta por estudo piloto realizado com pacientes com hipertensão, tendo sido definida a versão final do instrumento. Resultados A partir da revisão bibliográfica, 30 estudos foram consultados, e foram selecionados 13 fatores associados ao controle e à ocorrência de complicações, relacionados à hipertensão arterial sistêmica e a doenças cardiovasculares. Por conseguinte, mediante a versão inicial da ferramenta intitulada INSAF-HAS, realizaram-se quatro reuniões com especialistas, para obtenção de consenso final. A cada encontro, o instrumento foi aprimorado. No estudo piloto, 30 pacientes com diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial sistêmica foram abordados para o pré-teste de avaliação da aplicabilidade e, após as adequações, obteve-se a versão final do INSAF-HAS. Conclusão A ferramenta elaborada INSAF-HAS apresenta validade de face e conteúdo. Ela deve contribuir para a seleção de pacientes portadores de hipertensão arterial sistêmica e com maior necessidade de participação em serviços de cuidado farmacêutico.

Chilean Health Professionals Attitudes Towards Deafness: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract Objective: To assess the attitudes of health professionals towards Deafness and its association with sociodemographic and Deaf contact experience. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Concepcion, Chile. The sample size was estimated in 171 health professionals. The following variables were considered: sociodemographics, Deaf contact experience, and attitudes to deafness scale (ADS scale). To evaluate the association between the variables, t-test and Spearman correlation test were used (p<0.05). Results: People who had taken a LSCh course had significant more positive attitudes towards item 1 "Deaf people should learn to lipread", with a 2 points difference and in persons who do not know a Deaf person, with 1-point difference. Also, persons who have received some kind of formation in Deafness have a better attitude in item 3 "I would like to have more Deaf friends" with 1-point difference. An inverse correlation was observed within age (rho = -0.237; p=0.0014), years of academic service (rho = -0.323; p<0.0001) or PHC service (rho = -0.1085; p=0,364). Conclusion: The attitude of health professionals towards Deafness was neutral. This attitude is not modulated by sex, type of profession, type of relationship with Deaf people, type of training in hearing disability, Chilean Sign Language Courses or degree of frequency of healthcare delivery to Deaf patients. However, it is modulated by age and years of service.

Relações interpessoais durante o parto: percepções de adolescentes / Interpersonal relations during birth: perceptions of adolescents / Relaciones interpersonales durante el parto: percepciones de adolescentes

"\"\\\"[{\\\\\\\"text\\\\\\\": \\\\\\\"Objetivo: conhecer a percepção das adolescentes acerca das relações interpessoais estabelecidas com os\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nprofissionais de um Centro Obstétrico. Método: estudo qualitativo exploratório descritivo. Foram entrevistadas 62 adolescentes que tiveram filho em um Hospital Universitário do sul do Brasil. Os dados foram analisados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo, buscou-se visualizar os diferentes papéis profissionais descritos por Peplau. Resultados: o relacionamento interpessoal estabelecido com interação baseada no respeito, cordialidade, paciência, solicitude, presença constante, disposição para responder aos questionamentos e ações para transmitir tranquilidade e calma são aspectos satisfatórios. Porém, o distanciamento, desinformação, desrespeito e hostilidade também despontaram. O surgimento de elementos negativos parece estar ligado às posturas pessoais dos profissionais. Considerações Finais: o relacionamento interpessoal não é compreendido como parte fundamental da assistência ao parto, deixando de ser explorado em sua plenitude enquanto parte do cuidado, permanecendo em segundo plano e compartimentalizando a assistência ao parto.\\\\\\\", \\\\\\\"_i\\\\\\\": \\\\\\\"pt\\\\\\\"}, {\\\\\\\"text\\\\\\\": \\\\\\\"Aim: to know the perception of the adolescents about the interpersonal relations established with the\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nprofessionals of an Obstetric Center. Method: descriptive exploratory qualitative study. Sixty-two teenagers who had a child in a University Hospital in southern Brazil were interviewed. The data were analyzed through Content Analysis, and we sought to visualize the different professional roles described by Peplau. Results: the interpersonal relationship established with interaction based on respect, cordiality, patience, solicitude, constant presence, willingness to respond to questions, and actions to convey tranquility and calm are satisfactory aspects. However, detachment, disinformation, disrespect and hostility also emerged. The emergence of negative elements seems to be linked to the personal postures of professionals. Final Considerations: interpersonal relationships are not understood as a fundamental part of childbirth care, and are no longer fully explored as part of care, remaining in the background and compartmentalizing childbirth care.\\\\\\\", \\\\\\\"_i\\\\\\\": \\\\\\\"en\\\\\\\"}, {\\\\\\\"text\\\\\\\": \\\\\\\"Objetivo: conocer la percepción de las adolescentes sobre las relaciones interpersonales establecidas\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\ncon los profesionales de un Centro Obstétrico. Método: estudio cualitativo, exploratorio, descriptivo. Fueron entrevistadas 62 adolescentes que tuvieron hijo en un Hospital Universitario del sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de análisis de contenido, con el cual se buscó visualizar los diferentes papeles profesionales descriptos por Peplau. Resultados: la relación interpersonal basada en el respeto, cordialidad, paciencia, solicitud, presencia constante, disposición para responder a los cuestionamientos y acciones para transmitir tranquilidad y calma son aspectos satisfactorios. Pero, el distanciamiento, desinformación, falta de respeto y hostilidad también fueron identificados. El surgimiento de esos elementos negativos puede estar relacionado a las posturas personales. Consideraciones finales: la relación interpersonal no es entendida como fundamental en la asistencia al parto, deja de ser explotada en su plenitud, como parte del cuidado, permanece en segundo plan y segmenta la asistencia al parto.\\\\\\\", \\\\\\\"_i\\\\\\\": \\\\\\\"es\\\\\\\"}]\\\"\""

Doctors’ Communication Skills in Breaking Bad News

Breaking bad news is one of doctors’ duties and it requires them to have some skills, given that this situation is difficult and distressful for patients and their families. Moreover, it is also an uncomfortable condition for doctors. The aim of this study was to evaluate doctors’ capacity to break bad news, ascertain which specialties are best prepared for doing this and assess the importance of including this topic within undergraduate courses. Design and Setting: Observational cross-sectional quantitative study conducted at Vardhman Institute of Medical sciences, Nalanda, India. Methods: This study used a questionnaire based on the SPIKES protocol, which was answered by 121 doctors at this university hospital. This questionnaire investigated their attitudes, posture, behavior and fears relating to breaking bad news. Results: The majority of the doctors did not have problems regarding the concept of bad news. Nevertheless, their abilities diverged depending on the stage of the protocol and on their specialty and length of time since graduation. Generally, doctors who had graduated more than ten years before this survey felt more comfortable and confident, and thus transmitted the bad news in a better conducted manner. Conclusion: Much needs to be improved regarding this technique. Therefore, inclusion of this topic in undergraduate courses is necessary and proposals should be put forward and verified.

O vínculo no tratamento da tuberculose na atenção primária à saúde: uma revisão integrativa / The bond in the treatment of tuberculosis in Primary Health Care: an integrative review / El vínculo durante el tratamiento de la tuberculosis en la Atención Primaria de Salud: una revisión integrativa

Objetivo: Descrever como o vínculo tem contribuído (ou não) para o manejo do cuidado da tuberculose (TB) na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus e Web of Science, a partir de artigos científicos completos e em livre acesso, publicados no período entre 2009 a 2019, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, bem como aqueles que, em seus resultados, abordassem aspectos relacionados à temática do estudo. Resultados: Selecionaram-se 151 artigos nas bases de dados, dos quais se excluíram 134 por não atenderem aos critérios previamente estabelecidos, contabilizando, ao final, 17 artigos científicos para serem lidos e analisados na íntegra. Identificaram-se elementos potencializadores e dificultadores para a construção, estabelecimento e fortalecimento do vínculo no manejo da TB na APS. Conclusão: Esta revisão aponta a necessidade de novas discussões acerca da temática, por meio da identificação dos pontos de estrangulamento na organização e desempenho dos serviços de saúde, objetivando a implementação de ações integradas e intersetoriais, a partir da compreensão de aspectos que dificultam a reorientação de práticas e ofertas de serviços, tendo em vista a construção de um novo paradigma de cuidado aos doentes de TB.

Objective: To describe how the bond has contributed (or not) to the management of Tuberculosis (TB) care in Primary Health Care (PHC). Methods: This is an integrative review of the literature, carried out in the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), International Literature in Health Sciences (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus and Web of Science databases, from complete scientific articles and open access, published between 2009-2019 in Portuguese, English, and Spanish languages, as well as those that, in their results, addressed aspects related to the thematic of the study. Results: 151 articles were selected in the databases, of which 134 were excluded because they did not meet the previously established criteria, and 17 scientific articles were chosen at the end to be read and analyzed in their entirety. Potentiating and hindering elements were identified for the construction, establishment, and strengthening of the bond in the management of TB in PHC. Conclusion: This review points out the need for new discussions on the subject, through the identification of bottlenecks in the organization and performance of health services, aiming at the implementation of integrated and intersectoral actions, from the understanding of aspects that make it difficult to reorientation practices and service offerings, intending to build a new paradigm of care for TB patients.

Objetivo: Describir cómo el vínculo ha contribuido (o no) para el manejo del cuidado de la tuberculosis (TB) en la Atención Primaria de Salud (APS). Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integrativa de la literatura realizada en las bases de datos Literatura Latino-Americana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS), Literatura Internacional en Ciencias de la Salud (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus y Web of Science a partir de artículos científicos completos y de libre acceso publicados en el período entre 2009 y 2019 en los idiomas portugués, inglés y español así como aquellos que incluyeran en sus resultados los aspectos relacionados con la temática del estudio. Resultados: Se han elegido 151 artículos de las bases de datos de los cuales 134 han sido excluidos por el no cumplimiento de los criterios establecidos lo que llevó a un total final de 17 artículos científicos para la lectura y el análisis del texto completo. Se han identificado los elementos facilitadores y dificultadores de la construcción, el establecimiento y el fortalecimiento del vínculo para el manejo de la TB en la APS. Conclusión: Esa revisión señala la necesidad de nuevas discusiones sobre el tema a través de la identificación de los puntos de estrangulación de la organización y el rendimiento de los servicios de salud con el objetivo de implementar acciones integradas e intersectoriales a partir de la comprensión de los aspectos que dificultan la reorientación de prácticas y ofertas de servicios para la construcción de un nuevo paradigma de cuidado para los enfermos de TB.

Mediating Effects of Hope and Therapeutic Relationship in the Relation between General Social Functions and Mental Health Recovery of Community People with Mental Illness

PURPOSE: This study tries to test mediating effects of hope and therapeutic relationship in the relation between general social functions and mental health recovery of community people with mental illness. METHODS: This study was carried out in a cross-sectional research design. The participants included 217 people with mental illnesses who were enrolled at eight Mental Health Welfare Centers in the Gyeonggi Province. Data were collected from February to May, 2018. The collected data were analyzed using a regression analysis, and SPSS PROCESS macro was used to test the mediating effects. RESULTS: This study analyzed the direct effects of general social functions on the hope, therapeutic relationship and mental health recovery. And general social functions had indirect effects on their mental health recovery via hope and therapeutic relationship. Both hope and therapeutic relationship had dual mediating effects in the influence of general social functions on mental health recovery. CONCLUSION: The role of hope and therapeutic relationship in the mental health recovery of community people with mental illness is important, and it is confirmed that hope is a powerful factor influencing mental health recovery.

Comunicação entre profissional de saúde e paciente: percepções de mulheres com câncer de mama / Communication between health professionals and patient: perceptions of women with breast cancer

Considerando a relevância e a complexidade do processo comunicativo no cuidado em saúde, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar a percepção de mulheres em tratamento do câncer de mama sobre a comunicação com profissionais e identificar os principais desafios deste processo. Foram realizadas 13 entrevistas com mulheres que realizavam tratamento em dois serviços de oncologia de Marília (SP). Os dados foram analisados com a técnica de análise de conteúdo temática proposta por Bardin. As categorias identificadas foram: o impacto da comunicação sobre o diagnóstico e o tratamento, a comunicação do prognóstico da doença e; fatores que interferem na comunicação no cotidiano do cuidado, destacando-se o preparo dos profissionais, o fornecimento de informações claras e precisas, a disponibilidade para ouvir as necessidades individuais, a compreensão das características pessoais e do contexto de vida, respeito às crenças e interesse pelas pessoas da família. A comunicação representa a dimensão central do cuidado em situações de doenças graves ou de longa duração, no entanto, investimentos são necessários, especialmente no que se refere à formação dos profissionais de saúde.

ABstRACt |Considering the relevance and complexity of the communication process in health care, the goal of the study was to analyze the perception of women going through breast cancer treatment about the communication to professionals and also to identify the main issues of this process. The study involved thirteen interviews with women who have been treated at both oncology services in Marília (SP). The data analyzed was based on the thematic content analysis technique proposed by Bardin. The categories identified were: the impact of communication about diagnosis and treatment, the communication of disease's prognosis and the factors that interferes in the daily care communication highlighting the training of professionals, the purveyance of clean and precise information, the availability to listen the individual needs, the comprehension of personal characteristics and life context and also the respect to beliefs and interests for the people in the family. The communication represents the cultural central dimension of care in grave or long-term illness, however investments are necessary, especially when regards to the training of health professionals.

REsuMEN |Teniendo en cuenta la relevância y la complejidad del processo de comunicación en el cuidado en salud, el objetivo del estúdio fue analisar la percepción de mujeres en tratamiento del câncer de mama sobre la comunicación con profesionales y identificar los principales desafíos de este proceso. Se realizaron 13 entrevistas con mujeres que realizaban tratamiento en los dos servicios de oncologia de Marília (SP). Los datos fueron analizados con la técnica de análisis de contenido temático propuesta por Bardin. Las categorias identificadas fueron el impacto de la comunicación sobre el diagnóstico y el tratamiento; la comunicación del pronóstico de la enfermedad y, factores que interfieren en la comunicación en el cotidiano del cuidado, destacándose: la preparación de los profesionales, el suministro de informaciones claras y precisas, la disponibilidad para oír las necesidades individuales, la comprensión de las características personales y del contexto de vida, el respeto a las creencias y interés por la personas de la família. La comunicación representa la dimensión central del cuidado en situaciones de enfermedades graves o de larga duración, sin embargo, las inversiones son necesarias, especialmente en lo que se refiere a la formación de los profesionales de la salud.